forked from sheetjs/docs.sheetjs.com
576 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
576 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: HTTP Uploads
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pagination_prev: demos/net/network/index
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pagination_next: demos/net/server/index
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---
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<head>
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<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios@1.6.5/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
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<script src="https://unpkg.com/superagent@8.1.2/dist/superagent.min.js"></script>
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</head>
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import current from '/version.js';
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import CodeBlock from '@theme/CodeBlock';
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Browsers and other platforms offer solutions for uploading files to servers and
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cloud storage solutions. Spreadsheets can be written using SheetJS and uploaded.
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This demo explores file uploads using a number of browser APIs and wrapper
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libraries. The upload process will generate a sample XLSX workbook, upload the
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file to [a test server](#test-server), and display the response.
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:::info pass
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This demo focuses on uploading files. Other demos cover other HTTP use cases:
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- ["HTTP Downloads"](/docs/demos/net/network) covers downloading files
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- ["HTTP Server Processing"](/docs/demos/net/server) covers HTTP servers
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:::
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:::caution Third-Party Hosts and Binary Data
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Third-party cloud platforms such as AWS may corrupt raw binary uploads by
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encoding requests and responses in UTF-8 strings.
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For AWS, in the "Binary Media Types" section of the API Gateway console, the
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`"multipart/form-data"` type should be added to ensure that AWS Lambda functions
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can receive uploads from clients.
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:::
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## Uploading Binary Data
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The SheetJS `write` method[^1] generates file data stored in `ArrayBuffer`
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objects. The `ArrayBuffer` can be added to a `FormData` object. The `FormData`
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object can be passed along to POST requests.
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```mermaid
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flowchart LR
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subgraph SheetJS operations
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wb(((SheetJS\nWorkbook)))
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ab(XLSX Data\nArrayBuffer)
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end
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file(File\nobject)
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form(FormData\nobject)
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server[[Server\nrecipient]]
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wb --> |`write`\n\n| ab
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ab --> |new\n\n| file
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file --> |new\nappend\n| form
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form --> |POST\nrequest| server
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```
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```js
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/* create sample SheetJS workbook object */
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var aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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var ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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var wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* export SheetJS workbook object to XLSX file bytes */
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var data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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/* build FormData with the generated file */
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var fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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// field name ^^^^ file name ^^^^^^^^^^^^
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/* send data using XMLHttpRequest */
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var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
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req.open("POST", "https://s2c.sheetjs.com", true);
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req.send(fdata);
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```
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## Test Server
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The <https://s2c.sheetjs.com> service is currently hosted on Deno Deploy. The
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["Deno Deploy" demo](/docs/demos/cloud/deno#demo) covers the exact steps for
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deploying the service.
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The CORS-enabled service handles POST requests by looking for uploaded files in
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the `"file"` key. If a file is found, the file will be parsed using the SheetJS
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`read` method[^2] and the first worksheet will be converted to HTML using the
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`sheet_to_html` method[^3].
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## Browser Demos
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When the upload button is clicked, the browser will build up a new workbook,
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generate a XLSX file, upload it to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com> and show the
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response. If the process was successful, a HTML table will be displayed
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:::note Tested Deployments
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Each browser demo was tested in the following environments:
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| Browser | Date |
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|:------------|:-----------|
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| Chrome 120 | 2024-01-15 |
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| Safari 17.2 | 2023-01-15 |
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:::
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### XMLHttpRequest
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This demo uses [the code snippet from the intro](#uploading-binary-data).
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<details><summary><b>Live demo</b> (click to show)</summary>
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This demo starts from an array of arrays of data. When the button is clicked, a
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workbook file will be generated and uploaded to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com>. The
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service will return a HTML table.
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```jsx live
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function SheetJSXHRUL() {
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const [__html, setHTML] = React.useState("");
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const [sz, setSz] = React.useState(0);
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const [csv, setCSV] = React.useState("");
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/* raw data */
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const aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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/* target URL */
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const url = "https://s2c.sheetjs.com";
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/* Fetch and update HTML */
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const xport = React.useCallback(async() => { try {
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/* Make SheetJS Workbook from data */
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* Export to XLSX */
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const data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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setSz(data.length || data.byteLength);
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/* Make FormData */
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const fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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/* Upload */
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/* - create XMLHttpRequest */
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const req = new XMLHttpRequest();
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req.open("POST", url, true);
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/* - on success, display the contents */
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req.onload = (e) => setHTML(req.responseText);
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/* - on error, display "Request failed" */
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req.onerror = (e) => setHTML("Request failed");
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/* - send data */
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req.send(fdata);
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} catch(e) { setHTML(e && e.message || e); } });
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/* Display data in CSV form */
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React.useEffect(() => {
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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setCSV(XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws));
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}, []);
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return ( <pre><b>CSV Data</b><div>{csv}</div>
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{sz ? ( <>
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<b>Generated file size: {sz} bytes</b>
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<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html }}/>
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</> ) : (<button onClick={xport}><b>Export and Upload!</b></button>)}
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</pre> );
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}
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```
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</details>
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### fetch
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`fetch` takes a second parameter which allows for setting POST request body:
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```js
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/* create sample SheetJS workbook object */
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var aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* export SheetJS workbook object to XLSX file bytes */
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var data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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/* build FormData with the generated file */
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var fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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// field name ^^^^ file name ^^^^^^^^^^^^
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/* send data using fetch */
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fetch("https://s2c.sheetjs.com", { method: "POST", body: fdata });
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```
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<details><summary><b>Live demo</b> (click to show)</summary>
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This demo uses `fetch` to upload data to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com>. It will parse
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the workbook and return an HTML table.
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```jsx live
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function SheetJSFetchUL() {
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const [__html, setHTML] = React.useState("");
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const [sz, setSz] = React.useState(0);
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const [csv, setCSV] = React.useState("");
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/* raw data */
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const aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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/* target URL */
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const url = "https://s2c.sheetjs.com";
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/* Fetch and update HTML */
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const xport = React.useCallback(async() => { try {
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/* Make SheetJS Workbook from data */
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* Export to XLSX */
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const data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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setSz(data.length || data.byteLength);
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/* Make FormData */
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const fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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/* Upload */
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const res = await fetch(url, {method:"POST", body: fdata});
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/* Show Server Response */
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setHTML((await res.text()));
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} catch(e) { setHTML(e && e.message || e); }});
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/* Display data in CSV form */
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React.useEffect(() => {
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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setCSV(XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws));
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}, []);
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return (<pre><b>CSV Data</b><div>{csv}</div>
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{sz ? ( <>
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<b>Generated file size: {sz} bytes</b>
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<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html }}/>
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</> ) : (<button onClick={xport}><b>Export and Upload!</b></button>)}
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</pre>);
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}
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```
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</details>
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### Wrapper Libraries
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Before `fetch` shipped with browsers, there were various wrapper libraries to
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simplify `XMLHttpRequest`. Due to limitations with `fetch`, these libraries
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are still relevant.
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#### axios
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[`axios`](https://axios-http.com/) presents a Promise based interface.
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Uploading form data is nearly identical to the `fetch` example:
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```js
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/* create sample SheetJS workbook object */
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var aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* export SheetJS workbook object to XLSX file bytes */
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var data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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/* build FormData with the generated file */
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var fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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// field name ^^^^ file name ^^^^^^^^^^^^
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/* send data using axios */
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axios("https://s2c.sheetjs.com", { method: "POST", data: fdata });
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```
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<details><summary><b>Live demo</b> (click to show)</summary>
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This demo uses `axios` to upload data to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com>. It will parse
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the workbook and return an HTML table.
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:::caution pass
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If the live demo shows a message
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```
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ReferenceError: axios is not defined
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```
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please refresh the page. This is a known bug in the documentation generator.
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:::
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```jsx live
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function SheetJSAxiosUL() {
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const [__html, setHTML] = React.useState("");
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const [sz, setSz] = React.useState(0);
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const [csv, setCSV] = React.useState("");
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/* raw data */
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const aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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/* target URL */
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const url = "https://s2c.sheetjs.com";
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/* Fetch and update HTML */
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const xport = React.useCallback(async() => { try {
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/* Make SheetJS Workbook from data */
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* Export to XLSX */
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const data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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setSz(data.length || data.byteLength);
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/* Make FormData */
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const fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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/* Upload */
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const res = await axios(url, {method:"POST", data: fdata});
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/* Show Server Response */
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setHTML(res.data);
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} catch(e) { setHTML(e && e.message || e); }});
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/* Display data in CSV form */
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React.useEffect(() => {
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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setCSV(XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws));
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}, []);
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return (<pre><b>CSV Data</b><div>{csv}</div>
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{sz ? ( <>
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<b>Generated file size: {sz} bytes</b>
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<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html }}/>
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</> ) : (<button onClick={xport}><b>Export and Upload!</b></button>)}
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</pre>);
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}
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```
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</details>
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#### superagent
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[`superagent`](https://ladjs.github.io/superagent/) is a network request library
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with a "Fluent Interface".
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The `send` method accepts a `FormData` object as the first argument:
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```js
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/* create sample SheetJS workbook object */
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var aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* export SheetJS workbook object to XLSX file bytes */
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var data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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/* build FormData with the generated file */
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var fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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// field name ^^^^ file name ^^^^^^^^^^^^
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/* send data (fd is the FormData object) */
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superagent.post("https://s2c.sheetjs.com").send(fd);
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```
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<details><summary><b>Live demo</b> (click to show)</summary>
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This demo uses `superagent` to upload data to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com>. It will
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parse the workbook and return an HTML table.
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:::caution pass
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If the live demo shows a message
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```
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ReferenceError: superagent is not defined
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```
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please refresh the page. This is a known bug in the documentation generator.
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:::
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```jsx live
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function SheetJSSuperAgentUL() {
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const [__html, setHTML] = React.useState("");
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const [sz, setSz] = React.useState(0);
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const [csv, setCSV] = React.useState("");
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/* raw data */
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const aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
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];
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/* target URL */
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const url = "https://s2c.sheetjs.com";
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/* Fetch and update HTML */
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const xport = React.useCallback(async() => { try {
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/* Make SheetJS Workbook from data */
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
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XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
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/* Export to XLSX */
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const data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
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setSz(data.length || data.byteLength);
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/* Make FormData */
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const fdata = new FormData();
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fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
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/* Upload */
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superagent.post(url).send(fdata).end((err, res) => {
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/* Show Server Response */
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setHTML(res.text);
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});
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} catch(e) { setHTML(e && e.message || e); }});
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/* Display data in CSV form */
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React.useEffect(() => {
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const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
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setCSV(XLSX.utils.sheet_to_csv(ws));
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}, []);
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return (<pre><b>CSV Data</b><div>{csv}</div>
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{sz ? ( <>
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<b>Generated file size: {sz} bytes</b>
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<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html }}/>
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</> ) : (<button onClick={xport}><b>Export and Upload!</b></button>)}
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</pre>);
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}
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```
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</details>
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## NodeJS Demos
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These examples show how to upload data in NodeJS.
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### fetch
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The `fetch` implementation mirrors the [browser `fetch`](#fetch).
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:::note Tested Deployments
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This demo was last tested on 2023 November 19 against NodeJS `20.9.0`
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:::
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<details><summary><b>Complete Example</b> (click to show)</summary>
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This demo uses `fetch` to upload data to <https://s2c.sheetjs.com>. It will parse
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the workbook and return data in CSV rows.
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1) Install the [SheetJS NodeJS module](/docs/getting-started/installation/nodejs):
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<CodeBlock language="bash">{`\
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npm i --save https://cdn.sheetjs.com/xlsx-${current}/xlsx-${current}.tgz`}
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</CodeBlock>
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2) Save the following to `SheetJSFetch.js`:
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```js title="SheetJSFetch.js"
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const XLSX = require("xlsx");
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/* create sample SheetJS workbook object */
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var aoa = [
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["S", "h", "e", "e", "t", "J", "S"],
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[ 5, 4, 3, 3, 7, 9, 5]
|
|
];
|
|
const ws = XLSX.utils.aoa_to_sheet(aoa);
|
|
const wb = XLSX.utils.book_new();
|
|
XLSX.utils.book_append_sheet(wb, ws, "Sheet1");
|
|
|
|
/* export SheetJS workbook object to XLSX file bytes */
|
|
var data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
|
|
|
|
/* build FormData with the generated file */
|
|
var fdata = new FormData();
|
|
fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
|
|
// field name ^^^^ file name ^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
fdata.append('type', 'csv');
|
|
|
|
(async() => {
|
|
/* send data using fetch */
|
|
const res = await fetch("https://s2c.sheetjs.com", { method: "POST", body: fdata });
|
|
const txt = await res.text();
|
|
console.log(txt);
|
|
})();
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
3) Run the script:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
node SheetJSFetch.js
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
It will print CSV contents of the test file.
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
Some SheetJS users have reported corrupted files. To diagnose the error, it is
|
|
strongly recommended to write local files.
|
|
|
|
For example, using `fetch` in the browser, the bytes can be downloaded using the
|
|
[HTML5 Download Attribute](/docs/demos/local/file#html5-download-attribute). The
|
|
highlighted lines should be added immediately after `write`:
|
|
|
|
```js title="Diagnosing issues in a fetch upload"
|
|
/* Generate XLSX file */
|
|
const data = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', type: 'array'});
|
|
|
|
// highlight-start
|
|
/* Write to Local File */
|
|
const blob = new Blob([data]);
|
|
const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
|
|
const a = document.createElement("a");
|
|
a.download = "SheetJS.xlsx";
|
|
a.href = url;
|
|
document.body.appendChild(a);
|
|
a.click();
|
|
document.body.removeChild(a);
|
|
// highlight-end
|
|
|
|
/* Make FormData */
|
|
const fdata = new FormData();
|
|
fdata.append('file', new File([data], 'sheetjs.xlsx'));
|
|
|
|
/* Upload */
|
|
const url = "https://s2c.sheetjs.com";
|
|
const res = await fetch(url, {method:"POST", body: fdata});
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If the generated file is valid, then the issue is in the server infrastructure.
|
|
|
|
[^1]: See [`write` in "Writing Files"](/docs/api/write-options)
|
|
[^2]: See [`read` in "Reading Files"](/docs/api/parse-options)
|
|
[^3]: See [`sheet_to_html` in "Utilities"](/docs/api/utilities/html#html-table-output)
|